Enhancing Thermal Insulation of Poly(β-Hydroxybutyrate) Composites with Charring-Foaming Agent-Coated Date Palm Wood

Author:

Mlhem Amal1,Abu-Jdayil Basim12ORCID,Iqbal Muhammad Z.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE

2. National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE

Abstract

Date palm fiber (DPF) holds great potential for composite materials, but its flammability limits its practical applications. In this study, DPF was modified using a pad-drying method to impregnate it with a 5 wt.% solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP). These treated fibers were then utilized to fabricate poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)- (PHB-) based composites. The resulting thermal insulators were comprehensively evaluated for their flammability, physical, mechanical, and thermophysical properties, as well as morphological and thermal stability characteristics. The findings revealed a significant reduction in flame spread and smoke suppression; however, the concentration used is not sufficient to achieve the desired rating grades. The thermal insulation capacity of the modified fiber composites was substantially enhanced, particularly with the 40% PHB/DPF-ADP composite displaying the lowest thermal conductivity at 0.0564 W/m.K. Moreover, the presence of gaps and voids at the interface led to a reduction in tensile strength to 4-7 MPa. Additionally, the modified fiber composites exhibited significantly reduced water absorption (~0.76%), attributed to the formation of a highly water-resistant substance containing a furan compound. This work provides a simple and effective approach for achieving durable flame retardancy and long-term thermal insulation performance, offering promising opportunities for the practical application of biobased PHB composites.

Funder

United Arab Emirates University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

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