Impact of Depressurizing Boreholes on Energy Dissipation in Deep Roadway

Abstract

Depressurizing borehole drilling is an effective approach to control the large deformation of deep roadway. It can transfer the high stress in the proximity of the roadway into the deep stable rock masses. However, it should be noted that the borehole drilling will inevitably cause the secondary damage to roadway. To determine the parameters of depressurizing boreholes, the degree of the secondary damage must be evaluated properly. Given that the rock mass failure is an unstable phenomenon driven by energy, it is of great use to reveal the disturbing impact of depressurizing boreholes on the roadway stability from the angle of energy dissipation. This is much more consistent with the failure nature of rock mass. Hence, an integrated method of laboratory test, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis was used to study the disturbing effect of depressurizing boreholes on roadway energy dissipation. The equations of elastic energy and dissipated energy of rock cell grid were derived based on the energy principle and finite-difference algorithm, which was implemented into FLAC3D software by the FISH language. The numerical stress-strain and dissipated energy-strain curves of rock samples were verified by experimentally obtained data, and the whole deformation path from roadway excavation to instability was back-analyzed by the dissipated energy evolution. Based upon the energy model, the ratio of borehole diameter $D$ to row spacing $R$ ( $D/R$ ) was selected as the variable to analyze the influence of borehole parameters on the depressurizing effect. The varying $D/R$ leads to three depressurizing states: insufficient depressurization, sufficient depressurization, and overdepressurization. Increasing $D/R$ will make the roadway transfer from insufficient depressurization to sufficient depressurization and finally to overdepressurization. The sufficient depressurizing state could be realized by adjusting the borehole $D/R$ value, which is of great use to the roadway control. The $D/R$ values of 1 : 6 to 1 : 2 were proposed for the test roadway, and $D/R=1:6$ was applied in the field test, which achieved a well roadway control effect.