Author:
Vogel Ida,Thorsen Poul,Jeune Bernard,Jacobsson Bo,Ebbesen Niels,Arpi Magnus,Bremmelgaard Annie,Møller Birger R.
Abstract
Objectives: the aim was to examine factors associated with acquisition and elimination of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy.Methods: a group of 229 pregnant women were randomly selected from a population-based prospective cohort study of 2927. They were examined at enrollment (mean gestational weeks16w+0d) and again in mid-third trimester (mean gestational age32w+3d).Measures: BV (Amsel's clinical criteria), microbiological cultures of the genital tract and questionnaire data.Results: BV prevalence decreased from 17% in early second trimester to 14% in mid-third trimester due to a tenfold higher elimination rate (39%) than incidence rate (4%). Heavy smokers(>10/d)in early pregnancy were at increased risk(5.3 [1.1−25])for the acquisition of BV during pregnancy, as were women receiving public benefits(4.8 [1.0−22]), having a vaginal pH above4.5 (6.3 [1.4−29])or vaginal anaerobe bacteria(18 [2.7−122])at enrollment. A previous use of combined oral contraceptives was preventive for the acquisition of BV(0.2 [0.03−0.96]). Elimination of BV in pregnancy tended to be associated with a heavy growth ofLactobacillus (3.2 [0.8−13])at enrollment.Conclusions: acquisition of BV during pregnancy is rare and is associated with smoking, while the presence of anaerobe bacteria and a vaginal pH> 4.5are interpreted as steps on a gradual change towards BV. In the same way heavy growth ofLactobacillusspp in early pregnancy may be an indicator of women on the way to eliminate BV.
Funder
Danish Health Insurance Foundation
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Obstetrics and Gynecology,Dermatology
Cited by
3 articles.
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