A Review of the Genetics and Pathogenesis of Syndactyly in Humans and Experimental Animals: A 3-Step Pathway of Pathogenesis-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

A Review of the Genetics and Pathogenesis of Syndactyly in Humans and Experimental Animals: A 3-Step Pathway of Pathogenesis

Published:2019-09-15 Issue: Volume:2019 Page:1-10
ISSN:2314-6133
Container-title:BioMed Research International
language:en
Short-container-title:BioMed Research International

Author:

Al-Qattan Mohammad M.¹²^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Professor of Hand Surgery, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Embryology of normal web space creation and the genetics of syndactyly in humans and experimental animals are well described in the literature. In this review, the author offers a 3-step pathway of pathogenesis for syndactyly. The first step is initiated either by the overactivation of the WNT canonical pathway or the suppression of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) canonical pathway. This leads to an overexpression of Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 (FGF8). The final step is the suppression of retinoic acid in the interdigital mesenchyme leading to suppression of both apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, resulting in syndactyly.

Funder

Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

Link

http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2019/9652649.pdf

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