Construction of Quality Virtual Backbones with Link Fault Tolerance in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are extensively utilized in various circumstances. For applications, the construction of the virtual backbones (VBs) of WSNs has attracted considerable attention in this field. Generally, a homogeneous WSN is formulated as a unit disk graph (UDG), and the VB of the corresponding WSN is modeled as a connected dominating set (CDS) in the UDG. In certain applications, communication between sensors in a network may fail for various reasons, such as sensor movement, signal interference, and the appearance of obstacles. Consequently, a CDS in a UDG should possess fault tolerance on the edges. In this paper, we introduce a new concept called the 2 edge-connected 2 edge-dominating set ( $\left(2,2\right)$ -ECDS); then, we design an approximation algorithm for computing $\left(2,2\right)$ -ECDSs in UDGs, the performance ratio of which is 30.51. By means of simulations, we compare our algorithm and existing algorithms in terms of the CDS size, running time, success rate, and network lifetime. The simulation results indicate that our algorithm exhibits better performance and is more suitable for constructing a VB with edge fault tolerance in a WSN.