A Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ochratoxin A Inhalational Exposure Associated with Human Illness and Kidney Disease including Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Author:

Hope Janette H.1,Hope Bradley E.2

Affiliation:

1. Environmental Medicine, 304 West Los Olivos Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA

2. American Indian Health and Services, 4141 State Street B-4, Santa Barbara, CA 93110, USA

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA) exposure via ingestion and inhalation has been described in the literature to cause kidney disease in both animals and humans. This paper reviews Ochratoxin A and its relationship to human health and kidney disease with a focus on a possible association with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in humans. Prevention and treatment strategies for OTA-induced illness are also discussed, including cholestyramine, a bile-acid-binding resin used as a sequestrant to reduce the enterohepatic recirculation of OTA.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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