CoCEC: An Automatic Combinational Circuit Equivalence Checker Based on the Interactive Theorem Prover

Author:

Khan Wilayat1ORCID,Khan Farrukh Aslam2ORCID,Derhab Abdelouahid2ORCID,Alhudhaif Adi3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

2. Center of Excellence in Information Assurance (CoEIA), King Saud University, Riyadh 11653, Saudi Arabia

3. Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Checking the equivalence of two Boolean functions, or combinational circuits modeled as Boolean functions, is often desired when reliable and correct hardware components are required. The most common approaches to equivalence checking are based on simulation and model checking, which are constrained due to the popular memory and state explosion problems. Furthermore, such tools are often not user-friendly, thereby making it tedious to check the equivalence of large formulas or circuits. An alternative is to use mathematical tools, called interactive theorem provers, to prove the equivalence of two circuits; however, this requires human effort and expertise to write multiple output functions and carry out interactive proof of their equivalence. In this paper, we (1) define two simple, one formal and the other informal, gate-level hardware description languages, (2) design and develop a formal automatic combinational circuit equivalence checker (CoCEC) tool, and (3) test and evaluate our tool. The tool CoCEC is based on human-assisted theorem prover Coq, yet it checks the equivalence of circuit descriptions purely automatically through a human-friendly user interface. It either returns a machine-readable proof (term) of circuits’ equivalence or a counterexample of their inequality. The interface enables users to enter or load two circuit descriptions written in an easy and natural style. It automatically proves, in few seconds, the equivalence of circuits with as many as 45 variables (3.5 × 10 13 states). CoCEC has a mathematical foundation, and it is reliable, quick, and easy to use. The tool is intended to be used by digital logic circuit designers, logicians, students, and faculty during the digital logic design course.

Funder

Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Multidisciplinary,General Computer Science

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