Effectiveness of Insole Colour on Impact Loading and Lower-Limb Kinematics When Running at Preferred and Nonpreferred Speeds

Author:

Wang Yi123ORCID,Lam Wing-Kai45ORCID,Pak Lok-Yee6,Wong Charis K.-W.6,Tan Mohammad F.4ORCID,Leung Aaron K.-L.6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physical Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China

2. School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

3. Humanistic Olympic Studies Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China

4. Li Ning Sports Science Research Center, Li Ning (China) Sports Goods Co. Ltd., Beijing 101111, China

5. Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sports University, Shenyang 110102, China

6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China

Abstract

While colour of red can play a significant role in altering human perception and performances, little is known about its perceptual-motor effect on running mechanics. This study examined the effects of variations in insole colours on impact forces, ankle kinematics, and trial-to-trial reliability at various running speeds. Sixteen male recreational runners ran on instrumented treadmill at slow (90%), preferred (100%), and fast (110%) running speeds when wearing insoles in red, blue, and white colours. We used synchronized force platform and motion capturing system to measure ground reaction force, ankle sagittal and frontal kinematics, and movement variability. A two-way (colour x speed) ANOVA with repeated measures was performed with Bonferroni adjusted post hoc comparisons, with alpha set at 0.05. Data analyses indicated that participants demonstrated higher impact and maximum loading rate of ground reaction force, longer stride length, shorter contact time, and smaller touchdown ankle inversion as well as larger ankle sagittal range of motion (RoM), but smaller frontal RoM in fast speed as compared with preferred P < 0.05 and slow speeds P < 0.001 . Although insole colour had minimal effect on mean values of any tested variables P > 0.05 , participants wearing red-coloured orthoses showed higher coefficient of variation values for maximum loading rate than wearing blue insoles P = 0.009 . These results suggest that running at faster speed would lead to higher impact loading and altered lower-limb mechanics and that colour used on the tops of insoles influences the wearers’ movement repeatability, with implications for use of foot insole in running.

Funder

Chinese National Funding of Social Sciences

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Health Informatics,Biomedical Engineering,Surgery,Biotechnology

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