Assessment of Anxiety, Depression, Stress, and Associated Psychological Morbidities among Patients Receiving Ayurvedic Treatment for Different Health Issues: First Study from Sri Lanka

Abstract

Background. Good mental condition is a vital part of health. Physical impairments would potentially have psychiatric manifestations during the course of a disease that could cause patients to experience a wide range of psychological conditions. This study was conducted to determine prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, and psychological morbidities among the patients who received warded treatments at Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka. Methods. A total of 148 patients admitted to the hospital were selected for the study on a random systematic basis under four systemic groups (gastrointestinal, integumentary, musculoskeletal, and nervous system) depending on the chief complaint. The presence of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms was assessed by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 item version (DASS 21). The General Linear Model (GLM) was used for statistical analysis. Results. Over 50% of the participants in all four patient groups belonged to age group of 35 to 65 years, encompassing the fraction of population that actively contribute to the workforce in the society. Stress, anxiety, and depression values of patients belonging to different complications varied significantly, as indicated by GLM (p<0.05). Patients diagnosed with integumentary system-related issues denoted the highest stress levels (27.7 ± 2.54), while the mean stress values among the other systemic groups were not significantly different among each other. The highest anxiety levels were indicated by patients with nervous system-related issues (18.6 ± 1.51), while the lowest anxiety levels were indicated by patients with integumentary disorders (6.0 ± 2.73). The highest depression level was identified from patients suffering from integumentary system-related disorders (31.7 ± 3.42), followed by nervous system (23.2 ± 1.78), gastrointestinal (19.5 ± 3.77), and musculoskeletal (16.8 ± 1.57) disorders. Conclusion. Overall, high distress levels were observed among the majority of the patients. Furthermore, integumentary issues may lead to significant psychological impacts. As most of the patients seek for Ayurveda treatments when their diseased condition becomes chronic, it is vital to focus on a biopsychosocial approach to patient assessment and patient care, in actual practice.