Progressive Deformity of the Lower Limbs in a Patient with KID (Keratitis-Ichthyosis-Deafness) Syndrome

Abstract

Purpose. Progressive deformity of the lower limbs can be encountered in a long list of syndromic associations. The baseline tool in the management of such disorders is to approach to a definite diagnosis. Methods. We describe a 4-year-old girl who presented with the clinical phenotype and genotype of congenital erythrokeratoderma, keratosis, and sensorineural hearing loss (keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome) (KID syndrome). She manifested progressive contractures of the knees associated with talipes equinovarus of the feet. The latter deformities were the main reasons behind her severe retardation in acquiring the normal locomotor functions. Results. The analysis revealed mutations in intron 1 of the GJB2 gene of C.32G>A (p.Gly11Glu) and c.35delG in the compound heterozygous state. The presence in the genotype of the “dominant” mutation c.32G>A (p.Glu11Glu) was compatible with the clinical phenotype of KID syndrome. Conclusion. Surgical interventions through the extension of the hamstring tendons have been performed successfully via the application of an external distraction apparatus, namely, Volkov- Oganesyan. The latter procedures resulted in total release of her awkward knee contractures. Eventually, the child was able to regain the physiological alignment of her lower limbs and resume walking. To the best of our knowledge, the overall management of this child could be the first in the literature.