Effects of Environmental Temperature onCapnodis tenebrionisAdult Phenology

Author:

Bonsignore Carmelo Peter1

Affiliation:

1. Dipartimento Patrimonio Architettonico ed Urbanistico (PAU) e Laboratorio di Entomologia ed Ecologia Applicata, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Salita Melissari, Feo de Vito, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy

Abstract

The phenology ofCapnodis tenebrionisadults was presented with reference to two different climate conditions. In a temperate moderate-warm climate, adult density showed two separate peaks during the year: one in early summer of the overwintering generation and one with beetles emerging in the late summer. In a warmer semiarid climate, the overwintering adults and the new generation overlapped during summer with a continuous increase of adult density. The difference in the average annual temperature between areas during the study period was almost3C, and, in the warmer area, the new generation ofC. tenebrionisemerged at least one month earlier. To make a prediction of adult presence, a model utilizing degree-days was developed from data collected over a five-year period. Models obtained from equations (Logistic 4-parameter,y(x)=yo+a/(1+(x/xo)b)) of each year were developed to describe the relationship between degree-day accumulation (with a minimal threshold activity temperature of14.21Ccalculated in the laboratory) and the cumulative percentage of adult presence. According to the overall model, the 50% of overwintering beetles occurred at 726 degree-days (Biofix: 1st March) and the emerging beetles occurred at 801 degree-days (Biofix: 1st July). The results show that a change in temperature is an important aspect that highlights the adaptability of this species.

Funder

Mediterranean University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Insect Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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