Intestinal Flora Balance Therapy Based on Probiotic Support Improves Cognitive Function and Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective. The clinical value of intestinal flora balance therapy based on probiotic support in improving cognitive function and symptoms of patients with Alzheimer’s disease was to systematically evaluate, so as to provide evidence-based medicine basis for the promotion and use of this therapy. Methods. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched for the improvement of cognitive function and symptoms of patients with Alzheimer’s disease by intestinal flora balance therapy supported mainly by probiotics in PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network Database (CNKI), China VIP database, Wanfang database, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) online database (RCT). Data were extracted independently by two researchers, and the literature was assessed for risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 criteria. The data were meta-analyzed using RevMan 5.4 statistical software. Results. Finally, 5 randomized controlled trials were included, with a total sample size of 386 cases. The results of meta-analysis showed that $\text{Ch}{\text{i}}^2=13.14$ , $\text{df}=2$ , $P=0.001$ , and $I^2=85\%$ showed significant heterogeneity in the inclusion of the study data. Probiotic-supported intestinal microflora balance therapy improves cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Through meta-analysis of transient memory scores, it is concluded that intestinal flora balance therapy based on probiotic support can improve transient memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Meta-analysis of ADAS-COG score showed that intestinal flora balance therapy supported by probiotics could improve the cognitive function of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The ADL score was analyzed by meta, and the heterogeneity test result was $\text{Ch}{\text{i}}^2=0.79$ , $\text{df}=1$ , $P=0.37>0.05$ , and $I^2=0\%$ , indicating that the intestinal flora balance therapy supported by probiotics can improve the ability of daily living of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusion. Intestinal flora balance therapy based on probiotic support can effectively improve cognitive function, instantaneous memory, and ability of daily life in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. However, more studies and long-term follow-up studies with higher methodological quality are needed to further verify.