Protection of Pentoxifylline against Testis Injury Induced by Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia

Author:

Yao Chen1,Li Gang1,Qian Yeyong1,Cai Ming1,Yin Hong2,Xiao Li1,Tang Wei1,Guo Fengjie1,Shi Bingyi1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, China

2. Institute of Genetic Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China

Abstract

To investigate the effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on spermatogenesis dysfunction induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) and unveil the underlying mechanism, experimental animals were assigned to Control, IHH+Vehicle, and IHH+PTX groups and exposed to 4 cycles of 96 h of hypobaric hypoxia followed by 96 h of normobaric normoxia for 32 days. PTX was administered for 32 days. Blood and tissue samples were collected 7 days thereafter. Serum malondialdehyde levels were used to assess lipid peroxidation; ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase, and catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities were assessed to determine antioxidant capacity in various samples. Testis histopathology was assessed after hematoxylin-eosin staining by Johnsen’s testicular scoring system. Meanwhile, testosterone synthase and vimentin amounts were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Sperm count, motility, and density were assessed to determine epididymal sperm quality. IHH treatment induced significant pathological changes in testicular tissue and enhanced serum lipid peroxide levels, while reducing serum FRAP, antioxidant enzyme activities, and testosterone synthase expression. Moreover, IHH impaired epididymal sperm quality and vimentin structure in Sertoli cells. Oral administration of PTX improved the pathological changes in the testis. IHH may impair spermatogenesis function of testicular tissues by inducing oxidative stress, but this impairment could be attenuated by administration of PTX.

Funder

PLA Youth Training Program 2015

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Cell Biology,Ageing,General Medicine,Biochemistry

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