Comparative Analysis of the Effects of the Anti-VEGF Drug and Glucocorticoid by Injection before the End of Vitrectomy for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

Objective. To explore the effects of the anti-VEGF drug and glucocorticoid by injection before the end of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods. Eighty PDR patients who underwent vitrectomy in our hospital (July 2020–June 2022) were selected as the research objects and randomized into group A (n = 40) and group B (n = 40) according to the order of admission. Before the end of surgery, group B was injected with glucocorticoid (triamcinolone acetonide) into the vitreous cavity, and group A was injected with anti-VEGF drug (conbercept). The ophthalmic parameters, incidence of complications, diabetes indexes, and surgical indexes of the two groups were compared. Results. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), macular blood flow density and intraocular pressure in group A were remarkably better than those in group B ( $P<0.001$ ). The incidence of complications ( $P<0.05$ ) and VEG/F level ( $P<0.001$ ) in group A were obviously lower than those in group B. There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and surgical indexes between the two groups ( $P>0.05$ ). Conclusion. Conbercept injection before the end of vitrectomy can improve the ophthalmic parameters, reduce the level of VEGF, and lower the possibility of postsurgical complications. Therefore, the low-cost and efficient anti-VEGF drug should be promoted and applied in practice.