Fast Novel Efficient S-Boxes with Expanded DNA Codes

Abstract

IoT is one of the most popular technologies in recent years due to the interconnection of various infrastructures, physical devices, and software. To guarantee the security of Internet of Things (IoT) pervasiveness, lightweight cryptographic solutions are needed and this requires lightweight cryptographic primitives. The choice of S-box in light block ciphers plays an important role in characterizing the security-performance trade-off. The choice of the 4 × 4 S-box for the lightweight constructions results in compact hardware, speeding up the computational capability of the security algorithm unlike the 8 × 8 S-box. This work presents efficient algebraic S-boxes for a fast image cryptosystem based on a strong nonlinear function which is expanded by a biological technique depending on DNA. The robustness of the proposed S-boxes is analysed and tested against various standard attack criteria such as interpolation attacks, avalanche effect, and nonlinearity. The great advantage of introducing S-boxes is that its DSAC is the ideal value which is equal to zero. Also, other tests executed on these S-boxes guaranteed its robustness and excellent security performance. Moreover, the experiments are applied with full description in two different modes; RGB and gray images. The results of all tests proved to have fast and strong effective S-boxes.