Assessment of Age at the Stages of the Eruption of Third Molar Teeth among the People of North-Eastern India

Abstract

Background and Objectives. In the biological age determination of a person’s teeth at adolescence, the third molar (M3) or wisdom tooth development is considered a dependable method used over the years. The present research intended to evaluate the age from the eruption status of M3 and analyze and equivalence with a different quadrant of the jaws. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was undertaken with 1060 Assamese individuals (642 males and 418 females) aged 14–26 years and was subjected to a clinical, dental, and general physical examination from January 2014 to December 2018. The data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The significant differences among variables were tested using the chi-square test and Student’s $t$ -test, considering a $p$ value < 0.05 as significant. Results. The carried-out research showed no eruption (NE) status of M3 with an overall mean (±SD) age at 17.39 (±2.273) years, although a significantly lower age among males with a mean age of 16.92 (±2.138) years ( $p$ value < 0.001) was observed. The mean age (overall) for the complete eruption (CE) was observed at 20.33 (±2.566) years, which was seen earlier in males. The mandibular M3 appears earlier compared to the maxillary M3. The third molar eruption (TME) on both left and right quadrants of the jaw was observed substantially earlier in the lower jaw, compared to the upper jaw ( $p$ value < 0.025). The earliest CE of M3 was marked at 15 years. The differences in the frequencies of TME in different chronological age groups were found significant ( $p$ value < 0.001). A significant association between gender and TME ( $p$ value < 0.045) in the current study is worth noting. Conclusion. Thus, determined by TME as a valid method, age can be used for various purposes to establish a person’s identity. Dental age estimated using third molar eruption status has a weighty association with chronological age. Thus, it should be utilized to determine the likely age of an individual.