Effect of Targeted Care plus Exercise Intervention on Blood Glucose Levels and Maternal and Newborn Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the effect of targeted care plus exercise intervention on blood glucose levels and maternal and newborn outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. A total of 96 patients with GDM admitted to our hospital between March 2018 and January 2020 were recruited and assigned to receive either routine nursing (routine group) or targeted care plus exercise intervention (study group) via random method, with 48 patients in each group. Outcome measures included blood glucose, immune function, maternal and newborn outcome, and nursing satisfaction. Results. The patients in the study group had significantly lower amniotic fluid index (AFI), weight at delivery, body mass index (BMI), and weight gain during pregnancy than patients in the routine group ( $P<0.05$ ). There was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose between the two groups of patients before the intervention ( $P>0.05$ ). Targeted care plus exercise intervention resulted in significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and blood glucose before bed versus routine care ( $P<0.05$ ). The patients with targeted care plus exercise intervention had higher immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM levels; higher CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ levels; and lower lgA levels versus those with routine care ( $P<0.05$ ). Targeted care plus exercise intervention was associated with a lower incidence of negative pregnancy outcomes and a higher satisfaction versus routine care ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Targeted treatment plus exercise intervention efficiently controls blood glucose levels in GDM patients, improves immunological function, lowers the risk of pregnancy problems, improves pregnancy outcomes, and promotes patient satisfaction, indicating a high potential for therapeutic development. Targeted treatment combined with exercise intervention is encouraged following effective pharmacological interventions to facilitate recovery.