Biodegradable Electrospun Polyester-Urethane Nanofiber Scaffold: Codelivery Investigation of Doxorubicin-Ezetimibe and Its Synergistic Effect on Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

Electrospun nanofiber-mediated drug-delivery systems are extensively applied for the controlled delivery of anticancer agents and localized cancer chemotherapy. In this work, we assessed the synergistic anticancer effect of polyurethane-polycaprolactone (PU-PCL) nanofibers (NFs) on prostate cancer cell line (PC3) and evaluate their antitumor activity in vitro. Polyurethane-polycaprolactone (PU-PCL) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and used for codelivery of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and ezetimibe (EZ). The morphology, weight loss, and swelling ability of the PU-PCL nanofibers were characterized. Drug release test was performed by UV-vis spectroscopy in a phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 at 37°C. The viability of the PC3 prostate cancer cells was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for the different periods of cell incubation. PC3 prostate cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of 0-50 μg/ml of DOX, EZ, DOX-loaded NFs, EZ-loaded NFs, and DOX-EZ coloaded NFs for 48 hours. The results demonstrated that electrospun PU-PCL NFs showed significant synergistic therapeutic efficacy on prostate cancer cells. This study proposes that the DOX-EZ codelivery using PU-PCL nanofibrous scaffold could be used as a possible approach for anticancer drug delivery for the treatment of prostate cancer.