Social Capital in Old People Living with HIV Is Associated with Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study in China

Abstract

Objective. Old people living with HIV (PLWH) are experiencing a lower quality of life (QoL) than their younger counterparts and have received insufficient attention in China. Given that social capital has been proven to be effective in improving QoL in other countries, we aimed to examine the association between social capital and QoL among old PLWH in China. Methods. The data presented in this study was based on the baseline sample of an ongoing observational prospective cohort study, which was carried out from November 2018 to February 2019. Participants were old PLWH aged ≥50 in Sichuan, China, and were recruited by stratified multistage cluster sampling from 30 communities/towns. A total of 529 eligible participants finished the face-to-face investigation to measure their social capital (i.e., individual and family- (IF-) based social capital and community and society- (CS-) based social capital) and QoL. The QoL’s dimensions of physical health summary (PCS) and mental health summary (MCS) were taken as dependent variables. Stepwise linear regression models were used to examine the association between social capital and QoL. Results. After considering all significant covariates, the PCS was nonsignificantly correlated with IF-based social capital ( $\beta =-0.08$ , 95% CI [-0.28-0.11]) and CS-based social capital ( $\beta =0.28$ , 95% CI [-0.03-0.59]), and MCS was significantly correlated with IF-based social capital ( $\beta =0.77$ , 95% CI [0.54-0.99], $p<0.001$ ) and CS-based social capital ( $\beta =0.40$ , 95% CI [0.08-0.72], $p<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Targeted interventions related to building up social capital should be applied to improve the QoL of old PLWH. Providing extra relief funds and allowances might be helpful to improve PCS; improving community networking and engagement and improving family care might be helpful to improve MCS among this vulnerable population.