A Study on Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Potential of a Triterpenoid Saponin (3-O-α-L-Arabinosyl Oleanolic Acid) Isolated fromSchumacheria castaneifoliaVahl in Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NCI-H292) Cells

Author:

Samarakoon Sameera R.1ORCID,Ediriweera Meran K.1ORCID,Nwokwu Chukwumaobim Daniel Uzochukwuwulu1,Bandara Chamara Janaka12,Tennekoon Kamani H.1ORCID,Piyathilaka Poorna3,Karunaratne D. Nedra2,Karunaratne Veranja24ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 90 Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, 03 Colombo, Sri Lanka

2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

3. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makadura, Gonawila, Sri Lanka

4. Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology, Mahenwatta, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer death among men. A number of natural compounds have proven to be useful in the treatmet of lung cancer. This study was aimed to determine cytotoxic and apoptotoic effects of a natural compound 3-O-α-L-arabinosyl oleanolic acid (3-O-L-AO) isolated fromSchumacheria castaneifoliain non-small-cell lung cancer (NCI-H292) cells. Cytotoxic effects of 3-O-L-AO were determined by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and apoptotic effects were tested by evaluating (a) apoptotsis related morphological changes, (b) caspase 3/7 activity, and (c) expression ofBax, p53, and survivingenes. Oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH)) were also analysed in 3-O-L-AO treated NCI-H292 cells. 3-O-L-AO exerted potent cytotoxic effects in NCI-H292 cells while being less cytotoxic to normal lung (MRC-5) cells. Exposure to 3-O-L-AO caused upregulation ofBaxandp53and downregulation ofsurvivinin NCI-H292 cells. Activation of caspase 3/7 and morphological features related to apoptosis further confirmed 3-O-L-AO induced apoptosis. Furthermore, elevated ROS and GST levels and decreased GSH levels suggested 3-O-L-AO can induce apoptosis, possibly causing oxidative stress in NCI-H292 cells. Overall results suggest that 3-O-L-AO can be considered as an effective anticancer agent for the treatment of lung cancer.

Funder

Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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