The Pre-Schwarzian Norm Estimate for Analytic Concave Functions

Abstract

LetDdenote the open unit disk and letSdenote the class of normalized univalent functions which are analytic inD. LetCo(α)be the class of concave functionsf∈S, which have the condition that the opening angle off(D)at infinity is less than or equal toπα,α∈(1,2]. In this paper, we find a sufficient condition for the Gaussian hypergeometric functions to be in the classCo(α). And we define a classCo(α,A,B),(-1≤B<A≤1), which is a subclass ofCo(α)and we find the set of variabilities for the functional(1-|z|2)(f″(z)/f′(z))forf∈Co(α,A,B). This gives sharp upper and lower estimates for the pre-Schwarzian norm of functions inCo(α,A,B). We also give a characterization for functions inCo(α,A,B)in terms of Hadamard product.