Association of Polymorphisms of Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism with Blood Pressure and Lipid Values in Mexican Hypertensive Individuals

Abstract

Hypertension and dyslipidemia exhibit an important clinical relationship because an increase in blood lipids yields an increase in blood pressure (BP). We analyzed the associations of seven polymorphisms of genes involved in lipid metabolism (APOA5rs3135506,APOBrs1042031,FABP2rs1799883,LDLRrs5925,LIPCrs1800588,LPLrs328, andMTTPrs1800591) with blood pressure and lipid values in Mexican hypertensive (HT) patients. A total of 160 HT patients and 160 normotensive individuals were included. Genotyping was performed through PCR-RFLP, PCR-AIRS, and sequencing. The results showed significant associations in the HT group and HT subgroups classified as normolipemic and hyperlipemic. The allelesFABP2p.55T,LIPC−514T, andMTTP−493T were associated with elevated systolic BP. Five alleles were associated with lipids.LPLp.474X andFABP2p.55T were associated with decreased total cholesterol and LDL-C, respectively;APOA5p.19W with increased HDL-C;APOA5p.19W andFABP2p.55T with increased triglycerides; andAPOBp.4181K andLDLRc.1959T with decreased triglycerides. TheAPOBp.E4181K polymorphism increases the risk for HT (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.17–2.93;P=0.001) under the dominant model. These findings indicate that polymorphisms of lipid metabolism genes modify systolic BP and lipid levels and may be important in the development of essential hypertension and dyslipidemia in Mexican HT patients.