Correlation of Serum C-Peptide, Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, and NLRP3 Inflammasome-Related Inflammatory Factor Interleukin-1β after Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Examination with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Abstract

Objective. To explore the correlation of serum c-peptide, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and NLRP3 inflammasome-related inflammatory factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) after brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods. A total of 72 CSVD patients treated in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the case group and another 72 patients who presented cerebrovascular risk factors but obtained normal brain MRI examination result in the same period were selected as the control group. The serum specimen of patients in the two groups were collected, their serum c-peptide levels were measured by radio immunoassay, and their serum sICAM-1 and NLRP3 inflammasome-related inflammatory factor IL-1β were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), so as to analyze the correlation between these indicators and CSVD. Results. Compared with the control group, the level values of serum c-peptide, sICAM-1, and IL-1β were significantly higher in the case group ( $P<0.001$ ), with CSVD being the dependent variable, and age, smoking, uric acid, history of stroke, serum c-peptide, sICAM-1, and IL-1β being the independent variables. A logistic regression analysis was conducted, and the result showed that age, smoking, serum c-peptide, sICAM-1, and IL-1β were the risk factors for CSVD, and by drawing the ROC curves, it could be concluded that the area under sICAM-1 curve was larger than that of other single indicator. Conclusion. Elevation of level values of serum c-peptide, sICAM-1, and NLRP3 inflammasome-related inflammatory factor IL-1β is correlative with CSVD, and age, smoking, serum c-peptide, sICAM-1, and IL-1β are the independent risk factors for CSVD.