Analysis of the Role of Selective Neck Dissection in Clinically Node-Positive T3/T4 Oral Cancers

Abstract

Introduction. The concept of selective neck dissection (SND) in locally advanced oral cancers is emerging. Contemporary studies support the feasibility of SND in selected node-positive oral cancers with early primaries. Nevertheless, the suitability of SND in clinically node-positive (cN+) oral cancers with advanced primaries (T3/T4) is unknown. Aim. This study explores if patients with cN+ advanced primaries were suitable candidates for SND by spotting the involved lymph node distribution in various stations of the neck. Secondary objectives were to check if predictive clinicopathological factors for metastases to the neck in general also apply for lymph node metastases to levels IV and V. Methods. The present retrospective study analysed the distribution of pathologically involved lymph nodes in 134 patients and explored the interrelation of various predictive factors and cervical metastases overall and those specific to levels IV and V. Results. Level V was involved in 6.7% (6/83) of T4 and none of the T3 primaries. Depth of invasion (DOI), perineural invasion (PNI), and skin invasion were statistically significant predictors for nodal metastases in general on multivariate analysis. Conclusion. Our analysis supports the option of considering SND, sparing level V in patients with cN+ oral cancers in a subset with T3 primary and nodal stage N2 and below.