Predictive Value of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in the Development of Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the proinflammatory monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in the diagnosis of asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction (DD) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (DAPSA) was determined using clinical and laboratory parameters, and echocardiography was performed to estimate DD. Serum MCP-1 concentrations were elevated in PsA patients with DD diagnosed with ultrasound (median (25th percentile, 75th percentile): 366.6 pg/mL (283, 407.1 pg/mL) vs. 277.5 pg/mL (223.5, 319.1 pg/mL) in controls; $P<0.0017$ ). PsA patients with serum MCP-1 concentration higher than the cut-off value of 347.6 pg/mL had a 7.74-fold higher chance of developing DD than PsA patients with lower serum MCP-1 concentrations (controls), with a specificity of 86.36% and sensitivity of 55%, as verified using ultrasound. The group with MCP-1 concentrations above the cut-off value also showed a higher late peak diastolic mitral inflow velocity, A-wave value ( $P=0.000005$ ), E/E ${}^{\prime }$ ratio ( $P=0.00005$ ), and a lower E/A ratio ( $P=0.000002$ ), peak systolic left atrial reservoir strain, SA value ( $P=0.0066$ ), early peak diastolic displacement of the mitral septal annulus, E ${}^{\prime }$ wave value ( $P=0.003$ ), than controls. Systolic blood pressure ( $P=0.01$ ), LDL cholesterol concentration ( $P=0.012$ ), glucose concentration ( $P=0.011$ ), and DAPSA ( $P=0.0000$ ) increased in the PsA group with higher MCP-1 concentrations, although there were no differences in comorbidities and therapy between the groups compared. Thus, the serum MCP-1 concentration was a significant and independent prognostic indicator for asymptomatic DD in PsA patients ( $\text{area}\text{under}\text{the}\text{curve}=0.730$ , $P=0.001$ ). The DAPSA score in PsA patients might indicate the need for echocardiography and adjustment of anti-inflammatory treatment in terms of DD prevention.