Prospective Evaluation of Complications and Associated Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Surgery

Abstract

Background. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a well-known complication after breast cancer surgery. The primary aim was to assess risk factors for SSI. Risk factors for other wound complications were also studied. Materials and Methods. In this prospectively registered cohort study, patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or mastectomy between May 2017 and May 2019 were included. Data included patient and treatment characteristics, infection, and wound complication rates. Risk factors for SSI and wound complications were analyzed with simple and multiple logistic regression. Results. The study cohort consisted of 592 patients who underwent 707 procedures. There were 66 (9.3%) SSI and 95 (13.4%) wound complications. “ $\text{BMI}>25$ ,” “oncoplastic BCS,” “reoperation within 24 hour,” and “prolonged operative time” were risk factors for SSI with simple analysis. BMI 25-30 and >30 remained as significant risk factors for SSI with adjusted analysis. Risk factors for “any wound complication” with adjusted analysis were “mastectomy with/without reconstruction” in addition to “BMI 25-30” and “ $\text{BMI}>30$ .” Conclusion. The only significant risk factor for SSI on multivariable analysis were BMI 25-30 and $\text{BMI}>30$ . Significant risk factors for “any wound complication” on multivariable analysis were “mastectomy with/without reconstruction” as well as “BMI 25-30” and “ $\text{BMI}>30$ .”