Application Value of Blood Heparin-Binding Protein in the Diagnosis of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum heparin-binding protein (HBP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell count (WBC) in an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. A prospective research model was used to select 63 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were hospitalized in Xuzhou First People’s Hospital from January 2020 to June 2020, and among the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients who were followed up in our hospital during the same period, 18 patients were in the stable phase, and 43 healthy patients in our hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy control group. 18 patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were selected as the observation group, and 43 healthy people who underwent examination at the same time as the control group. For patients with acute COPD recombination, 5 ml of venous blood was collected according to whether the condition of COPD patients with acute exacerbation was stable or not. 5 ml of venous blood was collected for acute exacerbation. According to their clinical symptoms (such as cough, sputum, and asthma), dyspnea score (MRC score), and pulmonary function (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC), it is determined whether the patient’s condition is stable. Patients in the stable COPD group will collect 5 ml of venous blood during the outpatient follow-up, and those in the healthy physical examination group will collect veins on the day of the physical examination. In 5 ml of blood, the levels of HBP and CRP in the blood were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent method and the immunoturbidimetric method, respectively, and the peripheral blood WBC was measured by a blood cell analyzer and its supporting reagents. The differences of the three indicators in each group were statistically analyzed. Normally distributed measurement data were compared using t-test, homogeneity of variance of nonnormally distributed measurement data were compared using one-way analysis of variance, uneven variance of nonnormally distributed measurement data were compared using a rank-sum test, and Pearson linear analysis was used for correlation test. Subject working characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn, $P<0.05$ means the difference is statistically significant, the receiver working characteristic curve was established, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze blood HBP. The value of blood CRP and peripheral blood WBC counts alone or in combination in the diagnosis of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results. The level of blood heparin-binding protein in the acute exacerbation phase was significantly higher than that in the stable phase and healthy controls ( $P<0.05$ ). In the acute exacerbation stage and stable stage group, the blood heparin binding protein, the percentage of leukocytes, neutrophils, and CRP were detected. There is a correlation between ( $P<0.05$ ) and a correlation with lung function (FEV1) ( $P<0.05$ ). The predictive value of heparin-binding protein, white blood cells, neutrophil percentage, CRP, etc. for the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with the area under the heparin-binding protein curve, is the largest, and compared with the stable phase, the comparison of heparin-binding protein, white blood cells, and CRP is statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Heparin-binding protein increases in the stable phase and acute exacerbation phase and is related to other inflammatory factors. It is one of the important inflammatory factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heparin-binding protein, white blood cells, CRP, etc. have diagnostic and predictive value for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heparin-binding protein has the best predictive result, and the combined index test has a better diagnostic predictive value, which is better than single index detection.