Study on Allopathic and Alternative Treatments of Asthma and Factors Influencing Treatment Choices

Abstract

Background and Objective. Several treatments are used to attain good control of symptoms and to reduce asthmatic exacerbations. The survey was designed to compare different systems of treatments for asthma and to explore the most preferred treatment in terms of efficacy, side effects, long-term use, and satisfaction. Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional survey was conducted; primary data were collected from asthmatic patients in different hospitals and clinics of allopathic, homeopathic, and herbal practitioners in Karachi, Pakistan. The study duration was from January 2020 to December 2020. Asthmatic patients aged over 13 years were selected for the study. A written informed consent was taken from the patients before the interview. Collected data were analyzed by the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) 22. Result. Among 255 asthmatic patients; 51.4% (n = 131) were male and 48.6% (n = 124) were female. For control of acute attacks of asthma 88.2% ( $p=0.0001$ ) of patients significantly preferred allopathic treatment while 6.3% ( $p=0.008$ ) used homeopathic treatment and 5.5% chose herbal treatment. For maintenance of asthma, 78.8% ( $p=0.0001$ ) patients used allopathic treatment while 12.4% ( $p=0.0001$ ) homeopathic and 8.8% ( $p=0.0001$ ) patients used herbal treatment. About 63.4% ( $p=0.0001$ ) of the asthmatic patients used short-acting β-2 agonists for managing acute asthmatic episodes while long-acting β-2 agonists ( $p=0.0001$ ) and inhaled corticosteroids ( $p=0.0001$ ) were found to be the preferred medicines for maintenance therapy. Effectiveness of treatment ( $p=0.004$ ) and cost effectiveness ( $p=0.0001$ ) significantly act as contributing factors for the selection of the treatment. The majority of the patients were satisfied with their chosen treatments for control of asthmatic symptoms. Conclusion. Most asthmatic patients preferred allopathic treatment for the management of acute episodes and control of asthmatic symptoms. It was found that the major factors for selecting a specific treatment include effectiveness, cost, and minimal side effects.