1. Engineering Research Center (ERC), Mechanical Engineering, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27406, USA
2. Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB), North Carolina A & T State University, 1601 E. Market Street, IRC Room 119, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA