1. Department of Endodontics and Clinical Cariology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
2. Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
3. Department of Dental Materials Science, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
4. Division of General Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan