Sparse Spatial Spectral Fitting with Nonuniform Noise Covariance Matrix Estimation Based on Semidefinite Optimization

Abstract

In general, the azimuth estimation in array signal processing is derived under the assumption of uniform white noise, whose covariance matrix is a scaled identity matrix. However, in practice, the noise can be nonuniform with an arbitrary unknown diagonal covariance matrix. In this paper, the estimation of the noise covariance matrix is formulated into a solution to the semidefinite optimization problem which can obtain a more accurate sensor noise covariance matrix. In the proposed algorithm, the estimated nonuniform noise is subtracted from the sample covariance matrix. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the performance of the sparse spectrum fitting algorithm in nonuniform noise case, while the classic SpSF algorithm is used under uniform white noise assumption. The water pool experiments show that there are indeed significant differences in the noise covariance of the sensors.