Prevalence of Diarrhea, Feeding Practice, and Associated Factors among Children under Five Years in Bereh District, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background. Diarrheal disease is a major public health problem among under-five children globally. In Ethiopia, it is the second cause of hospital admission and death among children under five years. Objectives. To assess the prevalence of diarrhea, feeding practice, and associated factors among children under five years in Bereh District, Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfine, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children less than 5 years old in Bereh District from May 15 to 29, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select a total of 455 study participants. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the prevalence of diarrhea as well as to summarize other study variables. A binary logistic regression model with an adjusted odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to declare the associated factors with childhood diarrhea. Results. The prevalence of diarrhea was 17.3% in the past 15 days preceding the study period. About 53.4% of the mothers/caregivers were engaged in poor child feeding practices. Age of children [ $\text{AOR}=9.146$ , 95% CI (2.055, 40.707)], birth order [ $\text{AOR}=0.137$ , 95% CI (0.057, 0.329)], total family size [AOR: 5.042, 95% CI (2.326, 10.931)], not EBF [AOR: 4.723, 95% CI (1.166, 19.134)], prepare child foods separately [AOR: 0.252, 95% CI (0.091, 0.701)], feeding child immediately after cooking, handwashing method, and source of drinking water were significantly associated with under-five diarrhea. Conclusions. The prevalence of diarrhea among children under five is high. More than half of the participants were engaged in poor IYCF practice. Action targeting the factors associated with diarrhea should be taken to improve under-five child’s health.