Mathematical Modeling of Giardiasis Transmission Dynamics with Control Strategies in the Presence of Carriers

Abstract

Giardiasis is among the ignored zoonotic illnesses accorded by the World Health Organization that is caused by Giardia duodenalis. The disease is ignored regardless of the harm it causes to people and other creatures. In this paper, a mathematical model for giardiasis illness transmission is formed, which considers sickness carriers and control measures such as screening, treatment, and sanitation of the environment around people. In the assessment, the basic reproduction number, $R_0$ , which is used for analyzing the local stability of the equilibria is determined using the state-of-the-art next-generation matrix, while the Metzler constancy speculation is used to show the overall adequacy of the global stability of the equilibrium point free from the disease. In addition, a Lyapunov function has been used to study the stability of the endemic equilibrium point. The assessment of parameters is performed to explore the limits that significantly influence the transmission components of the disease disorders using the normalizing sensitivity index method. The result revealed that the recruitment rate is the most sensitive limit to the reproduction number. The environment-human interaction parameter is the second influential factor in the transmission of giardiasis in the community. In the same manner, the outcomes recommend that carriers assume an expected part in the rate of giardiasis subsequently; disregarding them could risk endeavors to control the pestilence. Besides, the mathematical recreation of the model shows that a mix of each of the three interventions fundamentally affects the control of giardiasis. In this way, we advise implementing the strategies simultaneously in endemic areas to effectively stop the spread of the giardiasis disease in humans.