CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, and CD4+T/CD8+T Ratio and Quantity of γδT Cells in Peripheral Blood of HIV-Infected/AIDS Patients and Its Clinical Significance

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the quantity of CD4+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, and γδT cells in peripheral blood of HIV-infected/AIDS patients as well as to explore the possible role of CD4/CD8 ratio and γδT cells in the progression of HIV/AIDS, aimed at providing evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of AIDS. Methods. The quantity levels of CD3+T cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, and γδT cells in peripheral blood of 46 HIV-infected/AIDS patients and 30 healthy controls were detected by using flow cytometry. Results. The count of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, and γδT cells ( $\overline{x}\pm s$ , A/μl) in the peripheral blood was $1183.64\pm 132.58$ , $278.39\pm 122.38$ , $863.13\pm 82.38$ , and $22.53\pm 1.74$ in the experimental group as well as $1456.46\pm 124.37$ , $788.74\pm 189.67$ , $569.61\pm 46.49$ , and $10.96\pm 0.28$ in the control group, respectively. The $p$ values of the two groups were <0.005 after the $t$ -test, revealing a statistically significant difference. The proportion of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, and γδT cells in total lymphocytes in the two groups ( $\overline{x}\pm s$ , %) was $71.83\pm 5.37$ , $13.39\pm 2.23$ , $62.93\pm 5.81$ , and $3.67\pm 0.87$ in the experimental group, respectively. In the control group, the values were expressed as $66.72\pm 5.48$ , $42.77\pm 3.38$ , $31.41\pm 3.62$ , and $1.73\pm 0.36$ , respectively. After performing the $t$ -test, $p$ values in the two groups were <0.005 except CD3+T, with statistically significant differences. Besides, CD4/CD8 was $0.33\pm 0.11$ in the experimental group and $1.48\pm 0.29$ in the control group, $t=26.528,p<0.001$ , exhibiting a significant statistical difference. Conclusion. HIV infection induces the activation and proliferation of CD8+T and γδT cells, contributing to the decrease of CD4+T cells, while CD8+T and γδT cells are involved in the immune response and tissue damage after HIV infection.