Production, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Pigment from Streptomyces Species

Abstract

Production of potential pigments using the bacterial source can be an important area of research to disclose its possible value in diverse industrial applications. Soil samples from various terrestrial, rhizosphere, and forest habitats were collected from Karnataka, and pigment-producing actinomycetes were recovered. In the present investigation, 25 strains were isolated using starch casein agar medium; further, phenotypic, biochemical, and morphological and the 16S rRNA gene sequence studies have suggested that the strain belonged to the Streptomyces species, strain BJZ10, an actinomycetes. With higher production of pigments, starch casein broth medium was used, and the extraction of actinobacterial pigments was done by exclusively using methanol solvent. The pigment was characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy; absorption spectra range from 220 to 250 nm. The FTIR characterization was carried out, and the spectrum obtained for the strain BJZ10 indicated alkane, alkyls, alkynes, alcohols, esters, and sulfate functional groups. Antibacterial activity of the pigments was tested against Bacillus cereus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative), and significant results were compared. The present study revealed the brown pigment synthesized by Streptomyces sp. strain BJZ10, known for its potential antimicrobial activity.