The Patient Health Engagement Model in Cancer Management: Effect of Physical Activity, Distress Management, and Social Support Intervention to Improve the Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients

Abstract

Background. Providing better care and encouraging behaviors promoting health are effective measures to manage breast cancer patients. The present research was conducted to carry out an intervention based on the PHE model to promote physical activity, distress management, social support, and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Methods. This randomized control trial study was conducted on 123 women with breast cancer and their caregivers ( $\text{group}1=61$ and $\text{group}2=62$ ). Subjects entered the study from the oncology ward of a specialized clinic in Shiraz, Iran. The education was done through clips, pamphlets, and lectures in 8 sessions with a duration of 15 to 25 minutes. A posttest was carried out in the both groups in 2 times (the end and 3 months) after intervention. The SPSS25 software was used to analyze the data. Results. The mean and SD of age of group 1 were ( $45.77\pm 8.84$ ) and control group 2 ( $45.58\pm 77.64$ ). The fiding showed a significant difference between the mean scores of distress management, social support, physical activity, and cancer self-efficacy in group 1 vs. group 2 after intervention ( $P<0.001$ ). Also, the educational intervention improved quality of life ( $P=0.003$ ). Conclusion. Intervention program based on the PHE model may facilitate the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes in breast cancer patient. Thus, it appears that the PHE model might promote patients’ quality of life.