Antimicrobial Activities of a Plethora of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Hydrolates against Human Pathogens and Their Potential to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance

Author:

Njimoh Dieudonné Lemuh1,Assob Jules Clement N.2,Mokake Seraphine Ebenye3,Nyhalah Dinga Jerome1,Yinda Claude Kwe1,Sandjon Bertrand4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon

2. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon

3. Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Littoral Region, Cameroon

4. Phytorica Laboratory, Douala, Littoral Region, Cameroon

Abstract

Microbial infections till date remain a scourge of humanity due to lack of vaccine against some infections, emergence of drug resistant phenotypes, and the resurgence of infections amongst others. Continuous quest for novel therapeutic approaches remains imperative. Here we (i) assessed the effects of extracts/hydrolates of some medicinal plants on pathogenic microorganisms and (ii) evaluated the inhibitory potential of the most active ones in combination with antibiotics. Extract E03 had the highest DZI (25 mm). Extracts E05 and E06 were active against all microorganisms tested. The MICs and MBCs of the methanol extracts ranged from 16.667 × 103μg/mL to 2 μg/mL and hydrolates from 0.028 to 333333 ppm. Extract E30 had the highest activity especially againstS. saprophyticus(MIC of 6 ppm) andE. coli(MIC of 17 ppm). Combination with conventional antibiotics was shown to overcome resistance especially with E30. Analyses of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, phenols, and saponins. These results justify the use of these plants in traditional medicine and the practice of supplementing decoctions/concoctions with conventional antibiotics.Nauclea pobeguinii (E30), the most active and synergistic of all these extracts, and some hydrolates with antimicrobial activity need further exploration for the development of novel antimicrobials.

Funder

International Foundation for Sciences

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

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