Lattice-Based 3-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Deployment

Abstract

With the wide application of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in real space, there are numerous studies on 3D sensor deployments. In this paper, the $k$ -connectivity theoretical model of fixed and random nodes in regular lattice-based deployment was proposed to study the coverage and connectivity of sensor networks with regular lattice in 3D space. The full connectivity range and cost of the deployment with sensor nodes fixed in the centers of four regular lattices were quantitatively analyzed. The optimal single lattice coverage model and the ratio of the communication range to the sensing range $\left(r_{\text{c}}/r_{\text{s}}\right)$ were investigated when the deployment of random nodes satisfied the $k$ -connectivity requirements for full coverage. In addition, based on the actual sensing model, the coverage, communication link quality, and reliability of different lattice-based deployment models were determined in this study.