Renal Function in Patients with Hypertension Associated Congestive Cardiac Failure Seen in a Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Background. Chronic kidney disease is frequently seen in patients with congestive cardiac failure and is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension associated congestive cardiac failure.Method. One hundred and fifty patients with hypertension associated congestive cardiac failure were recruited consecutively from the medical outpatient department and the medical wards of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi over a one year period, January to December 2010. Patients’ biodata and medical history were obtained, detailed physical examination done and each patient had a chest X-ray, 12 lead ECG, urinalysis, serum urea and creatinine assay done. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical Review Board of our institution and data analysed using SPSS-version 16.Results. There were 86 males and 64 females with mean age62.7±12.5years. The mean blood pressures were systolic152.8±28.5 mmHg and diastolic94.3±18 mmHg. 84.7% had blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg on presentation. The mean GFR was70.1±31.3 mls/min. 76% of subjects had GFR <90 mls/min and no statistical significant difference between males and females,P=0.344. The mean serum urea was7.2±51 mmol/L while the mean serum creatinine was194±416.2 mmol/L.Conclusions. This study has demonstrated that majority of patients presenting with hypertension associated congestive cardiac failure have some degree of chronic kidney disease.