Global Genome Comparative Analysis Reveals Insights of Resistome and Life-Style Adaptation ofPseudomonas putidaStrain T2-2 in Oral Cavity

Abstract

MostPseudomonas putidastrains are environmental microorganisms exhibiting a wide range of metabolic capability but certain strains have been reported as rare opportunistic pathogens and some emerged as multidrug resistantP. putida. This study aimed to assess the drug resistance profile of, via whole genome analysis,P. putidastrain T2-2 isolated from oral cavity. At the same time, we also compared the nonenvironmental strain with environmentally isolatedP. putida.In silicocomparative genome analysis with available reference strains ofP. putidashows that T2-2 has lesser gene counts on carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolisms, which suggested its little versatility. The detection of itseddgene also suggested T2-2’s catabolism of glucose via ED pathway instead of EMP pathway. On the other hand, its drug resistance profile was observed viain silicogene prediction and most of the genes found were in agreement with drug-susceptibility testing in laboratory by automated VITEK 2. In addition, the finding of putative genes of multidrug resistance efflux pump and ATP-binding cassette transporters in this strain suggests a multidrug resistant phenotype. In summary, it is believed that multiple metabolic characteristics and drug resistance inP. putidastrain T2-2 helped in its survival in human oral cavity.