Epidemiology, Phylogeny, and Evolution of Emerging EntericPicobirnavirusesof Animal Origin and Their Relationship to Human Strains

Author:

Malik Yashpal S.1,Kumar Naveen1,Sharma Kuldeep1,Dhama Kuldeep2ORCID,Shabbir Muhammad Zubair3,Ganesh Balasubramanian4,Kobayashi Nobumichi5ORCID,Banyai Krisztian6

Affiliation:

1. Division of Biological Standardization, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India

2. Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India

3. Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, Pakistan

4. National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 010, India

5. Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1 W-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan

6. Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária Krt. 21, Budapest H-1 143, Hungary

Abstract

Picobirnavirus(PBV) which has been included in the list of viruses causing enteric infection in animals is highly versatile because of its broad host range and genetic diversity. PBVs are among the most recent and emerging small, nonenveloped viruses with a bisegmented double-stranded RNA genome, classified under a new family “Picobirnaviridae.” PBVs have also been detected from respiratory tract of pigs, but needs further close investigation for their inhabitant behavior. Though, accretion of genomic data of PBVs from different mammalian species resolved some of the ambiguity, quite a few questions and hypotheses regarding pathogenesis, persistence location, and evolution of PBVs remain unreciprocated. Evolutionary analysis reveals association of PBVs withpartitivirusesespecially fungipartitiviruses. Although, PBVs may have an ambiguous clinical implication, they do pose a potential public health concern in humans and control of PBVs mainly relies on nonvaccinal approach. Based upon the published data, from 1988 to date, generated from animal PBVs across the globe, this review provides information and discussion with respect to genetic analysis as well as evolution of PBVs of animal origin in relation to human strains.

Funder

Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, Government of India

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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