Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir Extracts: A Comparison between Callus Culture and Native Plant

Abstract

Nowadays, according to the development and high functions of in vitro cultivation, one of the questions that researchers are looking for is whether the characteristics and compositions of the obtained product meet the needs of the society or not. Therefore, this research was done aimed to compare the bioactive characteristics of callus and native plant aqueous extracts of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. Thus, two different culture media were utilized for calluses’ growth. Extracts from these calluses and native plants were obtained using the sequential ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (SUMAE) method. The extraction conditions were a constant temperature of 70°C ultrasound in 20 min at 250 W and 8 minutes at 800 W for microwave at 85°C. At first, results revealed that callus cultures were not able to produce any significant amounts of essential oil. Therefore, aqueous extracts obtained from calluses as well as the natural plant were examined in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antimicrobial activity. Moreover, their volatile components were detected with GC-MS. Both DPPH and FRAP techniques demonstrated that the callus on MS + Auxin had stronger antioxidant activity than the other callus and native plant. It also had the greatest total phenolic content. In terms of total flavonoid content, the native plant has the highest value. Generally, it can be concluded that the extract of callus on MS + Auxin has shown significant activity against the tested microorganisms than the other samples.