Factors Associated with Glycaemic Control among Diabetic Patients Managed at an Urban Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) epidemic is rising in Vietnam. Identifying associated factors with glycaemic control in patients with T2DM is vital to improve treatment outcomes. This study is aimed at examining the uncontrolled glycaemic level of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at an urban hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam, and determining associated factors. An observational longitudinal cohort survey was performed among T2DM patients. Glycaemic control was evaluated by using the $\text{HbA}1\text{c}\text{level}\ge 6.5\%$ or fasting $\text{blood}\text{glucose}\text{level}\ge 7.5\text{g}/\text{mmol}$ . Information about sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics was collected. Multivariate mixed-effects logistic regression was employed to identify associated factors with control glycaemic level conditions. Among 189 T2DM patients, 70.4% had an uncontrolled glycaemic level. A higher number of comorbidities were associated with a lower likelihood of having uncontrolled glycaemic levels ( $\text{OR}=0.71$ , $p<0.001$ , $95\%\text{CI}=0.52-0.98$ ). Meanwhile, a higher body mass index ( $\text{OR}=1.15$ , $p<0.05$ , $95\%\text{CI}=1.02-1.29$ ), higher initial HbA1C ( $\text{OR}=3.75$ , $p<0.01$ , $95\%\text{CI}=2.59-5.44$ ), and higher initial fasting blood glucose levels ( $\text{OR}=1.57$ , $p<0.01$ , $95\%\text{CI}=1.29-1.90$ ) were positively associated with a higher risk of uncontrolled glycaemic levels. This study reveals that poor glycaemic control was common among T2DM patients in the urban hospital in Vietnam. Findings underlined the need for appropriate management strategies to control glycaemic levels and weight in this population.