Evaluation of the Wound Healing Potential of Cynara humilis Extracts in the Treatment of Skin Burns

Author:

Salhi Najoua1,El Guourrami Otman2,Rouas Lamiae3,Moussaid Siham4,Moutawalli Amina5ORCID,Benkhouili Fatima Zahra5,Ameggouz Mouna2,Alshahrani Mohammed Merae6ORCID,Al Awadh Ahmed Abdullah6,Bouyahya Abdelhakim7ORCID,Faouzi My El Abbes8,Cherrah Yahya1

Affiliation:

1. Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics Research Team, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

2. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

3. Laboratory of Anatomy Cytology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

4. Laboratory of Plant, Animal and Agro Industry Productions, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, B.P 133, Kenitra 1400, Morocco

5. Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

6. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia

7. Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

8. Biopharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

Abstract

Cynara humilis is traditionally used to treat skin burns and microbial infections. However, experimental studies on this plant are rare. Furthermore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Cynara humilis, a Moroccan herbal remedy, on the healing of deep second-degree burns in rats with a silver sulfadiazine group. This research was also carried out to confirm if C. humilis had antibacterial capabilities. Under typical burn procedures, each rat received a deep second-degree burn on the upper back. The burns were treated regularly with control groups (control and control VH), silver sulfadiazine (SDD) in group 3, C. humilis ethanolic extract (CHEE) in group 4, and C. humilis aqueous extract (CHAE) in group 5. Throughout the treatment, digital photography was used to measure rat responses to the treatment until day 18. After the scar biopsy at the end of the study, histological parameters (inflammatory cells, collagen, epithelialization, fibrosis, and granulation tissue) were assessed. Using the well technique, the antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested against Staphylococcus aureus CIP 483, Bacillus subtilis CIP 5262, Escherichia coli CIP 53126, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CIP 82118, and Salmonella enterica CIP 8039, and the results showed important activities of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts against the five species tested with MICs of 2 and 4 mg/mL, respectively. In the aqueous extract group, the wound healed faster. In addition, the healing rate in the C. humilis extracts (CHEA and CHEE) group was faster than in the silver sulfadiazine and control groups. In the C. humilis group, maximum wound surface recovery was observed at the same time, as it was not noted in the silver sulfadiazine group. Pathologically, epithelialization was more marked in wounds treated with C. humilis extracts (CHE). Angiogenesis and inflammatory cells were considerably lower in the CHE group than in the silver and other control groups. However, elastic fibers were considerable in the CHE-treated group. In histological examination, the C. humilis group had a low incidence of angiogenesis and inflammation, indicating that this group had less wound scarring. Collagen and burn wound healing were both faster in the C. humilis group. The findings of this study suggest that C. humilis, as indicated by traditional medicine, is a promising natural source for the management of wound healing.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Complementary and alternative medicine

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