Exploring the Mechanism of Baicalin Intervention in Breast Cancer Based on MicroRNA Microarrays and Bioinformatics Strategies

Abstract

Objective. To explore the mechanism of baicalin intervention in breast cancer based on microRNA microarrays. Methods. The inhibitory rate of baicalin intervention in MCF-7 breast cancer cells was determined by MTT. Then, the miRNA microarrays were used to validate the key microRNAs. After that, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to validate microRNA, hsa-miR-15a, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-16, and hsa-miR-7t. Finally, the potential targets of these key microRNAs are predicted by miRWalk, and DAVID was utilized for gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and pathway enrichment analysis. Results. Baicalin may inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The concentration of baicalin 150 μmol/L was determined for the subsequent miRNA chip research. A total of 92 upregulated microRNAs and 35 downregulated microRNAs were obtained. The upregulated miRNAs include hsa-miR-6799-5p, hsa-miR-6126, hsa-miR-4792, hsa-miR-6848-5p, hsa-miR-3197, hsa-miR-6779-5p, and hsa-miR -654-5p. The downregulated miRNAs include hsa-miR-3911, hsa-miR-504-5p, hsa-miR-30a-3p, hsa-miR-193b-3p, and hsa-miR-181b-5p. Then, differentially expressed miRNA was verified by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the expression of hsa-miR-15a, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-16, and hsa-let-7c was upregulated ( $P<0.05$ ), which was consistent with the results of the miRNA microarray. The enrichment analysis showed that baicalin might regulate the DNA-templated proliferation, DNA-templated transcription, p53 signaling pathway, etc., of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through miRNA. Conclusion. Baicalin inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells. It may achieve antitumor effects through regulating microRNAs so as to affect the DNA replication (such as cellular response to DNA damage stimulus and DNA binding), RNA transcription (such as regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, and transcription factor binding), protein synthesis (such as mRNA binding, Golgi apparatus, and protein complex), endocytosis, pathways in cancer, p53 signaling pathway, and so on.