CanadianHelicobacterStudy Group Consensus Conference on the Approach toHelicobacter PyloriInfection in Children and Adolescents

Abstract

Gastric infection withHelicobacter pyloriis common in both children and adults, but children are considerably less susceptible to peptic ulcers and other pathological sequelae. As a result, the risk to benefit ratio of diagnostic studies and therapeutic regimens forH pyloriin adults are likely different from those in paediatric populations. These guidelines for the management of paediatricH pyloriinfection, developed by the CanadianHelicobacterStudy Group, are designed to identify when the diagnosis and treatment ofH pylorimay improve patient care. Given the low prevalence of this infection in Canada, it is important to recognize that indiscriminate testing and treatment programs in children are not recommended, and indeed may threaten the optimal care of children. Diagnostic tests should be employed judiciously and be reserved for children who are most likely to derive measurable benefit, such as those likely to have peptic ulcer disease. At this time a test and treat strategy in children cannot be considered prudent, evidence based or cost effective. It is appropriate to limit diagnosis and treatment to children and adolescents in whomH pylorihas been identified during endoscopic investigation.