The Nursing Effect of PRECEDE Management on Occupational Exposure to Surgical Smoke: Based on a Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

Background. Occupational exposure seriously threatens the physical and mental health of professionals and has become an important public health problem. In clinical medical and nursing work, medical staff, especially nursing staff, are faced with the status quo of occupational exposure with high risk, serious harm, and severe situation. Therefore, a sound management system must be established to control the occupational exposure of nurses. Aims. According to the PRECEDE management model, evaluate the operating room nurses’ knowledge, belief, and behavior scores on the protection of surgical smoke, understand their awareness of surgical smoke and the current status of protection, improve the mastery rate and protection compliance of surgical smoke-related knowledge in the operating room, reduce the harm of surgical smoke to the human body, and provide a basis for smoke protection.Materials and methods. 125 doctors working in the operating room of our hospital were selected as the control group of this study, and 112 nonsmoke-exposed nurses working in the operating room of our hospital were selected as the observation group. The nurses’ knowledge-belief behavior scores and self-evaluation scores of smoke influence were counted before and after the intervention in the operating room. SPSS25.0 was used to process the data. Tests and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to compare the effects before and after intervention. Results. After one month of intervention, the knowledge scores of nurses in the operating room on the protection of surgical smoke increased significantly, and the difference was significant ( $P<0.05$ ); the scores of related concepts, physical properties, chemical properties, and authoritative protection standards increased significantly ( $P<0.05$ ). There was no significant increase in the scores of smoke hazards ( $P>0.05$ ); the attitude of smoke protection increased significantly, which was statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ); and the behavior compliance of smoke protection was significantly increased, which was statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ). After one month of intervention, the self-evaluation score of smoke effect of operating room nurses decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ). The data was analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance. The knowledge of surgical smoke ( $F=65.570$ , $P<0.001$ ), attitude ( $F=78.307$ , $P<0.001$ ), and behavior ( $F=403.015$ , $P<0.001$ ) scores gradually increased. The observation group’s total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the proportion of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher than that of the control group, and the proportion of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant $P<0.05$ . Conclusion. After the intervention of operating room nurses under the guidance of PRECEDE management mode, the theoretical knowledge of operating room nurses is effectively improved, the operations are standardized, the self-evaluation scores of smoke influence are reduced, and the safety level of operating room is improved. More importantly, the health of nursing staff is fully guaranteed.