Possible Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Hearing Loss Development

Abstract

For their being considered safe and as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are one of the most frequently used medicines nowadays. However, for the last couple of years, many researches analyzing PPI were conducted and these studies shed light on PPI side effects and mechanisms of these processes. Particularly, interesting is the impact of PPI on hearing loss development. However, this side effect seems to be local and its mechanisms are complex and systemic and involve changes in the whole body. This paper summarizes how through, inter alia, alterations in circulatory system, respiratory system, central nervous system, and metabolic changes PPI can cause hearing impairment, which can occur at every age and is connected with long-term use of this group of drugs. Another important finding is the role of PPI in acceleration of presbycusis development which is disturbing with regard to the fact that elders are the group who most frequently use PPI in the long term. Hearing loss is the factor which gravely decreases life quality, especially among elders who are the most afflicted group; thus, administration of PPI should be considered carefully, taking under consideration all benefits and all potential side effects.