An Example of Turkish-Tatar Urbanism in Siberia: Kyzyl Tura

Abstract

This study examines the geographical location, historical origins, and socio-economic and political dynamics of Kyzyl (Kızıl) Tura, a city situated in Siberia and inhabited by the Turkish-Tatar population. Emir Timur's military expeditions in the second half of the 14th century led to a decline in trade along the Trans-Asian road system and subsequently caused international trade to move to Trans-Siberia. In Siberia, the construction of new Turkish-Tatar cities and the expansion of already existing settlements started at the same time. The main argument of this study is that the presence of the Turkish-Tatar population in Siberia was considerable. Additionally, it suggests that the Turkish-Tatar urbanisation and commercial network played a significant role in the historical development of the region, as exemplified by the case of Kyzyl Tura. The objective of this study is to provide advantages to researchers in the field by demonstrating that the Turkish-Tatar presence in the region, as well as the subsequent changes in demographic and political structures following Russian colonisation, have exhibited variations throughout history. The study engaged in a comparative evaluation of data obtained from primary sources and contemporary literature. The utilisation of Russian chronicles and period maps was done. This study seeks to gather comprehensive information on Kyzyl Tura and provide evidence of Turkish-Tatar urbanism in Siberia through the examination of Kyzyl Tura. Research has demonstrated a deterioration in the transport network and trade after the settlement of Russians in numerous Turkish-Tatar cities in Siberia.