Innovations in stack design and optimization strategies for redox flow batteries in large-scale energy storage

Abstract

<p>Redox flow batteries are promising electrochemical systems for energy storage owing to their inherent safety, long cycle life, and the distinct scalability of power and capacity. This review focuses on the stack design and optimization, providing a detailed analysis of critical components design and the stack integration. The scope of the review includes electrolytes, flow fields, electrodes, and membranes, along with the uniformity issues, thermal management, and system integration. This review aims to bridge the gap between academic research and commercial application, promoting redox flow batteries as a more reliable system for large-scale, long-term energy storage applications.</p>